Impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services

Name: Impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services
Brand: Éditions Quae
SKU: 9782759237494
Availability: InStock
ISBN: 978-2-7592-3749-4

by Sophie Leenhardt (editorial coordination), Laure Mamy (editorial coordination), Stéphane Pesce (editorial coordination), Wilfried Sanchez (editorial coordination)

Collection: Matière à débattre et décider

september 2023

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Summary
Table of contents

Summary

DOI : 10.35690/978-2-7592-3749-4

As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were in 2020 commissioned to conduct a collective scientific assessment of the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that plant protection products contaminate all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of their organisms.
Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, principally in agriculture. It causes direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, notably the decline of populations of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates and birds, and the loss of ecosystem functions and services. Different measures can help mitigate contamination and its impacts, with varying degrees of effectiveness depending on the particular combination of measures (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.).
This assessment identifies research needs, in particular to improve our understanding of dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple environmental stresses. It aims to characterise and predict impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products.
This book is targeted at all stakeholders and decision-makers with an interest in the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or non-profit sectors, or in research or teaching.
Description courte :
As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were in 2020 commissioned to conduct a collective scientific assessment of the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that plant protection products contaminate all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of their organisms.

Forword
Introduction
Context
Request for assessment
CSA principles
Composition of the expert group
Sources used
Analysis framework

1. Preamble regarding the fragmentation of knowledge
Patchy and heterogeneous nature
Complementarity of approaches and objects of study
2. Environmental contamination by PPPs and exposure of organisms
Proven environmental contamination by a wide range of PPPs
Transfer dynamics and fate of substances
Influence of context on exposure dynamics
Measures for limiting contamination and exposure
New developments and prospects for characterizing contamination and exposure
3. Effects on biodiversity
From exposure to effects, sources of variability in sensitivity to PPPs
Highlighting the different types of effects
Effects on the state of biodiversity and its change
Impacts on ecosystem functions
Innovations and future directions for the assessment of effects
4. Consequences for ecosystem services
Conceptual links between functions and services
Principal ecosystem services impacted
Innovations and future prospects regarding ecosystem services
5. Cross-cutting areas of concern or improvement
Issues related to the choice of substances
Accumulation phenomena
Reported improvements
Improvements made, and persistent difficulties on the scientific front
6. Interactions between science and regulation
Requirements and complexity of PPP regulations
Available scientific knowledge not being considered
Disconnection between pre-market and post-market assessment
Most frequently identified avenues for improvement

Conclusions
PPP contamination is known to affect all environments
The state of knowledge in the French overseas territories remains highly incomplete
PPPs contribute to the weakening of biodiversity
PPPs reduce the capacity to provide ecosystem services
Impacts are highly dependent on the methods and context of use
Instruments to partially mitigate the impacts
In non-agricultural areas, a redesign of management methods
The ambitious objectives of the PPP regulatory framework have not been fully met
The use of existing knowledge for regulatory purposes needs to be better organised
Taking better account of the complexity of exposures and effects
Linking the study of agricultural systems to that of ecosystems

Acronyms and abbreviations
Glossary
Selected bibliography
Working group