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Can organic agriculture cope without copper for disease control?

Synthesis of the Collective Scientific Assessment Report

de Didier Andrivon (coordination éditoriale), Isabelle Savini (coordination éditoriale)
octobre 2023

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Présentation

DOI : 10.35690/978-2-7592-3839-2

DOI : 10.35690/978-2-7592-3156-0

Copper is used to control various fungal or bacterial diseases, mainly in grapes, in fruit production and in vegetable crops. It is the only active substance approved in organic farming with a strong fungicidal effect and a wide range of action. However, the demonstration of the negative environmental effects of copper, in particular on soil and water organisms, led to regulatory restrictions on use (capping of authorized doses), and even to its ban as a pesticide in some Northern European countries.
These increasing restrictions on the use of copper, which put growers who cannot use synthetic fungicides under severe constraints, led to a recurrent demand for "alternatives". Numerous experimental studies have therefore been carried out to identify and test other techniques: the use of disease-resistant varieties, the application of naturally-occurring substances that have a biocidal effect and/or stimulate the plant's natural defenses, the use of microbiological control agents, the adoption of prophylactic management, and the installation of physical protection. However, results remain scattered, and these control methods are rarely implemented in the field.
Resulting from a collective scientific assessment, this volume, first published in French in 2019, is a multidisciplinary and critical synthesis of the knowledge available on the subject. It describes and assesses the different techniques potentially effective against pathogens controlled by copper treatments, and insists upon the need to combine them in integrated crop protection systems.

 

The french version of this book, Peut-on se passer du cuivre en protection des cultures biologiques ?, is available on our website.

La version française de ce titre, Peut-on se passer du cuivre en protection des cultures biologiques ?, est disponible sur notre site.

Sommaire

Introduction
Significant uses of copper, subject to increasing levels of regulation
Alternatives to the use of copper: considerable research prompting the need for a critical synthesis
Organization and intent of a Collective Scientific Expertise
Status and organization of this document

Chapter 1. Background
Copper: properties and uses
Alternatives to copper: types and regulatory framework

Chapter 2. Alternative methods to the use of copper
Natural biocidal preparations
Microbiological agents for biocontrol
Varietal resistance
Natural plant defense stimulators
Isotherapy, homeopathic and biodynamic preparations

Chapter 3. Agronomic management of crop health risks
Prophylactic methods
Physical protection against infection
Management of the structure of crop plant and canopies
Conclusions

Chapter 4. Introducing alternative levers and practices into integrated protection systems
Evaluations and comparisons of cropping systems
Actors’ strategies and the availability and acceptability of innovations
Concluding thoughts

Chapter 5. Overall conclusions
A considerable quantity of available information…
… but very unevenly divided between the areas of research and development
Individual, partially effective solutions…
… but still insufficiently integrated within integrated crop protection systems
Giving up copper: considerable room for improvement
Questions critical to the elimination of copper but insufficiently explored by current research
Lessons for and from “conventional” systems

Selected bibliography
Annex. The literature corpus analyzed
ESCo authors and editors

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Caractéristiques

Langue(s) : Anglais

Editeur : Éditions Quae

Edition : 1ère édition

Collection : Matière à débattre et décider

Publication : 31 octobre 2023

EAN13 eBook [ePub] : 9782759231560

EAN13 eBook [PDF] : 9782759238392

DOI eBook [ePub] : 10.35690/978-2-7592-3156-0

DOI eBook [PDF] : 10.35690/978-2-7592-3839-2

Nombre de pages eBook [PDF] : 120

Intérieur : Couleur

Référence eBook [ePub] : 02728EPB

Référence eBook [PDF] : 02728NUM

Taille(s) : 2,4 Mo (ePub), 2,7 Mo (PDF)

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